Descent, eccentricBalanced over midfoot
Side view
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Sumo dumbbell squat

Wide stance with 40° toe-out, one 32 kg dumbbell hanging between the legs.

-10°Ankle dorsiflexion
2°Knee flexion
24°Hip flexion
8°Trunk from vertical
17°Arm to trunk
45°Elbow flexion
80Ankle spacing, cm
6Hand spacing, cm
-15Knee outside ankle, cm
–Knee cave, ° inside toe line
50 / 50Load left / right, %
0Pelvis drop, cm

Load and joint demand

Load in the model: 32 kg. Balance and joint demand re-solve as you change it.

Lower back
25 / 237
Hip extensors
8 / 138
Knee extensors
16 / 29
Calves
31 / 31
Shoulder, per side
78 / 78
Elbow, per side
66 / 79

N·m now / peak over the rep.

Faults

Faults grow with knee bend and apply to lifts standing on the floor. The fault check flags a knee caving more than 10° inside the line of the toes and a load split beyond 60/40. Knee cave shows best in the front camera.

Body

Femur changes keep standing height fixed by shortening or lengthening the torso. Longer femurs force more forward lean in any squat.

Muscles worked

Adductors
100 pts
Glutes
82 pts
Quads
64 pts

Effort and your quota

6.5/10 effort6.8fatigue per set

Your quota per set: 10 reps at 32.5 kg, stopping 2 reps short of failure.

One hard set earns 246 legs points.

Prime movers

Adductors, gluteus maximus, quadriceps.

What to look for

  • Knees push out over the toes.
  • The weight hangs straight down between the heels.
How the model works, and its limits

One 3D skeleton drives both views. Segment lengths and widths are Winter's anthropometric ratios of height; segment masses and centre-of-mass positions follow Dempster's data. For free-standing lifts the whole-body angle is found numerically so the combined centre of mass of lifter and load sits over the middle of the foot. Arms and legs use two-link inverse kinematics with a pole direction. Rep timing follows a minimum-jerk profile.

Balance is quasi-static, so ballistic lifts are shown slowed down. Cable pull and pad support forces are not modelled. The spine is one rigid segment and joints have no range-of-motion limits or muscle forces.