RowBalanced over midfoot
Load 62% on the right
Side view
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Single-arm kettlebell row

Take care: Keep the back flat; brace on the thigh to take load off the lower back.

Hinged to about 50° with the left hand braced just above the left knee; the right hand rows a 24 kg bell from arm's length to the hip with the elbow close to the side. No bench needed.

-1°Ankle dorsiflexion
26°Knee flexion
78°Hip flexion
52°Trunk from vertical
39°Arm to trunk
28°Elbow flexion
34Ankle spacing, cm
35Hand spacing, cm
-3Knee outside ankle, cm
0°Knee cave, ° inside toe line
38 / 62Load left / right, %
0Pelvis drop, cm

Load and joint demand

Load in the model: 24 kg. Balance and joint demand re-solve as you change it.

Lower back
176 / 176
Hip extensors
111 / 111
Knee flexors
30 / 30
Calves
29 / 39
Shoulder, per side
21 / 31
Elbow, per side
19 / 23

N·m now / peak over the rep.

Faults

Faults grow with knee bend and apply to lifts standing on the floor. The fault check flags a knee caving more than 10° inside the line of the toes and a load split beyond 60/40. Knee cave shows best in the front camera.

Body

Femur changes keep standing height fixed by shortening or lengthening the torso. Longer femurs force more forward lean in any squat.

Muscles worked

Lats
100 pts
Upper back
82 pts
Biceps
35 pts
Lower back
17 pts

Effort and your quota

4/10 effort4.2fatigue per set

Your quota per set: 10 reps at 25 kg, stopping 2 reps short of failure.

One hard set earns 203 pull points, 35 arms points, 17 core points.

Prime movers

Latissimus dorsi, rhomboids, middle trapezius, posterior deltoid, biceps, spinal erectors (holding).

What to look for

  • Row to the hip, not the chest.
  • Shoulders stay square to the floor.
  • Brace the free hand on the thigh.
How the model works, and its limits

One 3D skeleton drives both views. Segment lengths and widths are Winter's anthropometric ratios of height; segment masses and centre-of-mass positions follow Dempster's data. For free-standing lifts the whole-body angle is found numerically so the combined centre of mass of lifter and load sits over the middle of the foot. Arms and legs use two-link inverse kinematics with a pole direction. Rep timing follows a minimum-jerk profile.

Balance is quasi-static, so ballistic lifts are shown slowed down. Cable pull and pad support forces are not modelled. The spine is one rigid segment and joints have no range-of-motion limits or muscle forces.