6 reps · beginner
Take care: Skip it, or do the half roll-back, with a lower-back disc problem, osteoporosis of the spine, and during pregnancy.
Lying on the back with the legs straight and the arms reaching overhead, the arms sweep up past vertical as the head, shoulders and then the back peel off the mat one part at a time, rolling up and forward until the hands reach past the toes; then the spine rolls back down the same way. The upper back curls first while the lower back stays on the mat, then the lower back peels off and the spine stays rounded in a C over the legs.
Bodyweight: no weights. Joint demand below is your own body's weight in this position.
Faults grow with knee bend and apply to lifts standing on the floor. The fault check flags a knee caving more than 10° inside the line of the toes and a load split beyond 60/40. Knee cave shows best in the front camera.
Femur changes keep standing height fixed by shortening or lengthening the torso. Longer femurs force more forward lean in any squat.
6 slow, controlled reps. Pilates is practised for control, balance and mobility, never to failure, so this does not change with your limits.
Level: beginner. One round counts like light conditioning work: 4 legs points, 39 core points.
Rectus abdominis, obliques, transversus abdominis, hip flexors; hamstrings and spinal erectors stretched at the top.
One 3D skeleton drives both views. Segment lengths and widths are Winter's anthropometric ratios of height; segment masses and centre-of-mass positions follow Dempster's data. For free-standing lifts the whole-body angle is found numerically so the combined centre of mass of lifter and load sits over the middle of the foot. Arms and legs use two-link inverse kinematics with a pole direction. Rep timing follows a minimum-jerk profile.
Balance is quasi-static, so ballistic lifts are shown slowed down. Cable pull and pad support forces are not modelled. The spine is one rigid segment and joints have no range-of-motion limits or muscle forces.