5 reps · intermediate
Take care: Do the push-ups on the knees, or skip them, with a wrist, elbow or shoulder problem; bend the knees in the roll-down if the hamstrings or lower back are tight.
The classical pilates push-up: standing tall, the chin drops and the spine rolls down until the hands reach the mat, the hands walk out to a straight-arm plank, three push-ups with the elbows brushing the ribs and the body in one line, then the hands walk back to the feet and the spine rolls up to standing. A flow: every frame between the keyframes is solved, so the limbs keep their length.
Bodyweight: no weights. Joint demand below is your own body's weight in this position.
Faults grow with knee bend and apply to lifts standing on the floor. The fault check flags a knee caving more than 10° inside the line of the toes and a load split beyond 60/40. Knee cave shows best in the front camera.
Femur changes keep standing height fixed by shortening or lengthening the torso. Longer femurs force more forward lean in any squat.
5 slow, controlled reps. Pilates is practised for control, balance and mobility, never to failure, so this does not change with your limits.
Level: intermediate. One round counts like light conditioning work: 4 legs points, 86 push points, 29 arms points, 18 core points.
Pectoralis major, triceps, anterior deltoid, serratus anterior, rectus abdominis and transversus abdominis (holding the plank), hamstrings (stretched in the roll-down), spinal erectors.
One 3D skeleton drives both views. Segment lengths and widths are Winter's anthropometric ratios of height; segment masses and centre-of-mass positions follow Dempster's data. For free-standing lifts the whole-body angle is found numerically so the combined centre of mass of lifter and load sits over the middle of the foot. Arms and legs use two-link inverse kinematics with a pole direction. Rep timing follows a minimum-jerk profile.
Balance is quasi-static, so ballistic lifts are shown slowed down. Cable pull and pad support forces are not modelled. The spine is one rigid segment and joints have no range-of-motion limits or muscle forces.