Row
Side view
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Machine row

Seated with the chest against a pad; handles travel from arms-long to beside the ribs.

-5°Ankle dorsiflexion
82°Knee flexion
90°Hip flexion
6°Trunk from vertical
64°Arm to trunk
48°Elbow flexion
40Ankle spacing, cm
32Hand spacing, cm
5Knee outside ankle, cm
–Knee cave, ° inside toe line
–Load left / right, %
0Pelvis drop, cm

Load and joint demand

Machine or cable load (50 kg at this setting) is not modelled, so joint demand shows the body only.

Shoulder, per side
298 / 298
Elbow, per side
167 / 167

N·m now / peak over the rep.

Faults

Faults grow with knee bend and apply to lifts standing on the floor. The fault check flags a knee caving more than 10° inside the line of the toes and a load split beyond 60/40. Knee cave shows best in the front camera.

Body

Femur changes keep standing height fixed by shortening or lengthening the torso. Longer femurs force more forward lean in any squat.

Muscles worked

Lats
100 pts
Upper back
82 pts
Biceps
35 pts

Effort and your quota

4/10 effort4.2fatigue per set

Your quota per set: 10 reps at 50 kg, stopping 2 reps short of failure.

One hard set earns 203 pull points, 35 arms points.

Prime movers

Latissimus dorsi, rhomboids, middle trapezius, posterior deltoid, biceps.

What to look for

  • Chest stays on the pad.
  • Squeeze the shoulder blades at the end.
How the model works, and its limits

One 3D skeleton drives both views. Segment lengths and widths are Winter's anthropometric ratios of height; segment masses and centre-of-mass positions follow Dempster's data. For free-standing lifts the whole-body angle is found numerically so the combined centre of mass of lifter and load sits over the middle of the foot. Arms and legs use two-link inverse kinematics with a pole direction. Rep timing follows a minimum-jerk profile.

Balance is quasi-static, so ballistic lifts are shown slowed down. Cable pull and pad support forces are not modelled. The spine is one rigid segment and joints have no range-of-motion limits or muscle forces.