Curl
Side view
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Lying leg curl

Face down on a bench with the knees just off the end and a pad behind the ankles. The knee flexes from straight to about 110°.

-40°Ankle dorsiflexion
3°Knee flexion
1°Hip flexion
88°Trunk from vertical
83°Arm to trunk
128°Elbow flexion
17Ankle spacing, cm
40Hand spacing, cm
0Knee outside ankle, cm
–Knee cave, ° inside toe line
–Load left / right, %
0Pelvis drop, cm

Load and joint demand

Load in the model: 35 kg. Balance and joint demand re-solve as you change it.

No gravity-based joint demand to show for this exercise.

Faults

Faults grow with knee bend and apply to lifts standing on the floor. The fault check flags a knee caving more than 10° inside the line of the toes and a load split beyond 60/40. Knee cave shows best in the front camera.

Body

Femur changes keep standing height fixed by shortening or lengthening the torso. Longer femurs force more forward lean in any squat.

Muscles worked

Hamstrings
100 pts
Calves and shins
82 pts

Effort and your quota

3/10 effort3.1fatigue per set

Your quota per set: 10 reps at 35 kg, stopping 2 reps short of failure.

One hard set earns 157 legs points.

Prime movers

Hamstrings, gastrocnemius.

What to look for

  • Hips stay pressed into the pad.
  • Point the toes to reduce calf involvement.
How the model works, and its limits

One 3D skeleton drives both views. Segment lengths and widths are Winter's anthropometric ratios of height; segment masses and centre-of-mass positions follow Dempster's data. For free-standing lifts the whole-body angle is found numerically so the combined centre of mass of lifter and load sits over the middle of the foot. Arms and legs use two-link inverse kinematics with a pole direction. Rep timing follows a minimum-jerk profile.

Balance is quasi-static, so ballistic lifts are shown slowed down. Cable pull and pad support forces are not modelled. The spine is one rigid segment and joints have no range-of-motion limits or muscle forces.