PullBalanced over midfoot
Side view
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Dumbbell upright row

Take care: Stop at lower-chest height if raising the elbows higher pinches the front of the shoulder.

14 kg dumbbells in front of the thighs, overhand. The dumbbells travel up the front of the body to lower-chest height with the elbows leading high and wide.

3°Ankle dorsiflexion
2°Knee flexion
4°Hip flexion
3°Trunk from vertical
10°Arm to trunk
29°Elbow flexion
28Ankle spacing, cm
22Hand spacing, cm
-3Knee outside ankle, cm
–Knee cave, ° inside toe line
50 / 50Load left / right, %
0Pelvis drop, cm

Load and joint demand

Load in the model: 14 kg each hand. Balance and joint demand re-solve as you change it.

Lower back
33 / 50
Hip extensors
18 / 26
Knee flexors
25 / 29
Calves
39 / 39
Shoulder, per side
15 / 23
Elbow, per side
19 / 48

N·m now / peak over the rep.

Faults

Faults grow with knee bend and apply to lifts standing on the floor. The fault check flags a knee caving more than 10° inside the line of the toes and a load split beyond 60/40. Knee cave shows best in the front camera.

Body

Femur changes keep standing height fixed by shortening or lengthening the torso. Longer femurs force more forward lean in any squat.

Muscles worked

Shoulders
100 pts
Upper back
82 pts
Biceps
64 pts

Effort and your quota

3.5/10 effort3.7fatigue per set

Your quota per set: 10 reps at 14 kg each hand, stopping 2 reps short of failure.

One hard set earns 100 push points, 120 pull points, 64 arms points.

Prime movers

Lateral deltoid, upper trapezius, biceps.

What to look for

  • Stop around lower-chest height.
  • Keep the elbows above the hands.
  • Keep the dumbbells close to the body.
How the model works, and its limits

One 3D skeleton drives both views. Segment lengths and widths are Winter's anthropometric ratios of height; segment masses and centre-of-mass positions follow Dempster's data. For free-standing lifts the whole-body angle is found numerically so the combined centre of mass of lifter and load sits over the middle of the foot. Arms and legs use two-link inverse kinematics with a pole direction. Rep timing follows a minimum-jerk profile.

Balance is quasi-static, so ballistic lifts are shown slowed down. Cable pull and pad support forces are not modelled. The spine is one rigid segment and joints have no range-of-motion limits or muscle forces.